Bradford White Error Code F13: Ignition Failure
Warning: This error indicates a failure to ignite the gas, which can create a risk of gas buildup and potential explosion. Shut down the unit immediately and call a qualified technician.
How to Fix Bradford White Code F13
- Step 1: Ensure the gas supply to the unit is turned on. Check the shut-off valve on the gas line leading to the water heater.
- Step 2: Reset the water heater by turning the power off at the breaker for a few minutes, then turning it back on. This might clear a temporary lockout.
- Step 3: If the error persists after these steps, immediately call a qualified HVAC technician or gas appliance repair person. Do not attempt to troubleshoot further, as this involves gas and high voltage.
How to Reset Bradford White Code F13
- Turn off the unit using the power button on the front panel.
- Turn off the gas supply valve.
- Turn off the circuit breaker supplying power to the unit. Wait 30 seconds.
- Restore power at the breaker, then open the gas valve.
- Turn the unit back on. If the error returns, the underlying issue needs repair.
Resetting clears the code from the display but does not fix the underlying fault. If the code returns after reset, proceed to the diagnostic steps above.
What Does Bradford White Error Code F13 Mean?
The F13 error code on your Bradford White tankless water heater means the unit tried to light the burner but failed. This usually happens after a few attempts, and the system locks itself out as a safety measure. The control board monitors the flame sensor to confirm ignition. If the flame sensor doesn't detect a flame within a specific timeframe after the igniter sparks and the gas valve opens, it throws this error. This is a critical issue because unburnt gas can accumulate, creating a dangerous situation.
Common Causes
- Gas supply issues (low gas pressure or shut-off valve closed)
- Faulty or dirty flame sensor
- Igniter malfunction (weak spark or no spark)
- Blocked or restricted vent system
- Defective gas valve
Diagnostic Steps
| If... | Check | Expected |
|---|---|---|
| Unit displays F13 error after multiple ignition attempts | Measure gas pressure at the inlet of the gas valve while the unit is attempting to fire. | Minimum gas pressure as specified on the unit's rating plate (typically 5-7" WC for natural gas, 10-12" WC for propane). |
| Gas pressure is within range | Inspect the flame sensor for cleanliness and proper placement. Measure the flame sensor microamp signal during ignition. | Clean sensor, properly positioned in the flame. Flame sensor signal should be at least 2-5 microamps DC. |
| Flame sensor signal is low or absent | Check the igniter for spark. Visually inspect the igniter during startup. | Strong, consistent spark at the burner. |
| No spark is present | Measure the voltage to the igniter during startup. | 120VAC to the igniter. |
Applicable Bradford White Models
Replacement Parts
| Part | OEM Number | Est. Cost | Where to Buy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flame Sensor | — | — | — |
| Igniter | — | — | — |
| Gas Valve | — | — | — |
Related Codes on Same Models
Other codes that affect the same Bradford White model families as F13.
| Code | Description | Severity |
|---|---|---|
| F1 | Sensor Fault | Warning |
| F10 | Thermistor Short | Warning |
| F11 | Thermistor Open | Warning |
| F14 | Flame Failure | Critical |
| F16 | Blower Failure | Warning |
| F2 | Dry Fire Protection | Warning |
| F4 | High Temp Cutoff | Critical |
| F6 | Flammable Vapor Lockout | Critical |